JAMA Neurol:新型单克隆抗体,对预防轻度痴呆有效性如何?

2022-07-09 Freeman MedSci原创

与安慰剂相比,在整个73周的研究期间,semorinemab并没有减缓临床AD的进展

许多神经退行性疾病的特点是高磷酸化tau蛋白的细胞内聚集,包括阿尔茨海默病(AD),其中tau的病理沉积主要表现为神经纤维缠结。Tau是阿尔茨海默病的一个有吸引力的治疗目标,因为神经病理学和tau正电子发射断层扫描(PET)研究显示,大脑tau病理学和临床疾病严重程度之间存在明显的相关性。

 

图1: 论文封面图


Tau在AD中的病理变化以定型和分层的方式积累,这促成了一种假设,即病理性tau以类似朊病毒的方式通过细胞外基质从细胞扩散到细胞。临床前研究表明,被动抗tau免疫疗法可以拦截病理性细胞外tau种类,从而减缓或阻断神经纤维缠结沉积的扩散。

Semorinemab(以前称为RO7105705、MTAU9937A或RG6100)是一种人源化IgG4单克隆抗体,靶向tau的N端结构域(氨基酸残基6-23),被选中用于开发,因为它能结合所有已知的全长tau的异构体(包括超磷酸化和低聚物物种),具有高亲和性、特异性和可生产性。一种小鼠版本的semorinemab减少了细胞培养中与tau相关的毒性和tau病的转基因小鼠模型中的tau积累。一项关于semorinemab的1期研究显示了剂量依赖性的目标参与和良好的安全性。

藉此,旧金山Genentech Inc的Edmond Teng等人,探究了semorinemab作为早期AD治疗干预的临床试验。


设计、设置和参与者:这项2期随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、平行组临床试验于2017年10月18日至2020年7月16日在北美、欧洲和澳大利亚的97个地点进行。纳入了50至80岁(包括)的前驱至轻度AD患者,迷你精神状态检查得分在20至30分(包括)之间,并确认了β-淀粉样蛋白病理学(通过正电子发射断层成像或脑脊液)。

干预措施:在73周的盲法研究期间,参与者在前3次输液中每2周接受一次安慰剂或semorinemab(1500毫克、4500毫克或8100毫克)的静脉输液,此后每4周输液一次。

主要临床结局:,从基线到第73周,临床痴呆评分-盒子总分的变化,以及与安慰剂相比,对semorinemab的安全性和耐受性的评估。

他们发现:在修改后的意向性治疗队列中(n = 422;平均[SD]年龄,69.6[7.0]岁;235名女性[55.7%]),安慰剂的临床痴呆症评分-盒子之和得分有类似的增加(n = 126;Δ = 2. 19 [95% CI, 1.74-2.63])和semorinemab(1500 mg: n = 86; Δ = 2.36 [95% CI, 1.83-2.89]; 4500 mg: n = 126; Δ = 2.36 [95% CI, 1.92-2.79]; 8100 mg: n = 84; Δ = 2.41 [95% CI, 1.88-2.94])。

 

图2:论文结果图

在有安全价值的队列(n = 441)中,安慰剂(130 [93.1%])和semorinemab(1500 mg:89 [88.8%];4500 mg:132 [94.7%];8100 mg:90 [92.2%])组出现不良事件的参与者比例类似。

在这项随机临床试验中,与安慰剂相比,在整个73周的研究期间,semorinemab并没有减缓临床AD的进展,但确实表现出可接受的和良好耐受的安全性。

因此,可能需要对抗tau抗体进行更多的研究以确定这种治疗方法的临床效用。

 

原文出处:

Teng E, Manser PT, Pickthorn K, et al. Safety and Efficacy of Semorinemab in Individuals With Prodromal to Mild Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. _JAMA Neurol_. Published online June 13, 2022. doi:[10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.1375](https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.1375)

 

评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1660280, encodeId=82a11660280ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8d0d28912db' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#克隆#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28912, encryptionId=8d0d28912db, topicName=克隆)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=596825099872, createdName=aids221, createdTime=Fri May 26 08:54:14 CST 2023, time=2023-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2001857, encodeId=f3d0200185e02, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d5df12695e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Neurol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12695, encryptionId=d5df12695e6, topicName=Neurol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8217292, createdName=yinhl1978, createdTime=Sat Sep 10 13:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243596, encodeId=200812435968f, content=JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿瘤克星, createdTime=Wed Jul 06 21:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247133, encodeId=05ee124e13329, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Wed Jul 06 21:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2023-05-26 aids221

    #克隆#

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1660280, encodeId=82a11660280ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8d0d28912db' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#克隆#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28912, encryptionId=8d0d28912db, topicName=克隆)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=596825099872, createdName=aids221, createdTime=Fri May 26 08:54:14 CST 2023, time=2023-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2001857, encodeId=f3d0200185e02, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d5df12695e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Neurol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12695, encryptionId=d5df12695e6, topicName=Neurol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8217292, createdName=yinhl1978, createdTime=Sat Sep 10 13:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243596, encodeId=200812435968f, content=JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿瘤克星, createdTime=Wed Jul 06 21:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247133, encodeId=05ee124e13329, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Wed Jul 06 21:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-10 yinhl1978

    #Neurol#

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1660280, encodeId=82a11660280ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8d0d28912db' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#克隆#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28912, encryptionId=8d0d28912db, topicName=克隆)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=596825099872, createdName=aids221, createdTime=Fri May 26 08:54:14 CST 2023, time=2023-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2001857, encodeId=f3d0200185e02, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d5df12695e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Neurol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12695, encryptionId=d5df12695e6, topicName=Neurol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8217292, createdName=yinhl1978, createdTime=Sat Sep 10 13:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243596, encodeId=200812435968f, content=JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿瘤克星, createdTime=Wed Jul 06 21:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247133, encodeId=05ee124e13329, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Wed Jul 06 21:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-07-06 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1660280, encodeId=82a11660280ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8d0d28912db' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#克隆#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28912, encryptionId=8d0d28912db, topicName=克隆)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=596825099872, createdName=aids221, createdTime=Fri May 26 08:54:14 CST 2023, time=2023-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2001857, encodeId=f3d0200185e02, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d5df12695e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Neurol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12695, encryptionId=d5df12695e6, topicName=Neurol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8217292, createdName=yinhl1978, createdTime=Sat Sep 10 13:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243596, encodeId=200812435968f, content=JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿瘤克星, createdTime=Wed Jul 06 21:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247133, encodeId=05ee124e13329, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Wed Jul 06 21:54:14 CST 2022, time=2022-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-07-06 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

拓展阅读

Annals of neurology:阿尔茨海默病的“时间地图”:血浆生物标志物如何预示大脑正在改变?

这项研究所搭建的“血液生物标志物时钟”,或许将成为AD研究的一个关键转折点。

JAMA子刊:治疗听力损失能延缓老年痴呆症发生吗?

治疗听力损失可能会延缓大量老年人的痴呆。针对临床显著听力计测量的听力损失的公共卫生干预措施可能对痴呆预防具有广泛益处。

Alzheimer’s & Dementia:大规模模拟试验揭示,他汀类药物对不同社会人口学群体痴呆患病风险无显著差异

他汀启动与未启动组的ADRD风险无显著差异(全队列HR=0.99),且年龄、性别、种族、教育、收入等社会人口学因素均未显著修饰这一关联(所有亚组p>0.05)。

JNNP:阿尔茨海默病患者的精神行为症状,竟能通过血液提前预测?

血浆蛋白标志物可以作为一种便捷、无创的监测手段,帮助医生更早识别高风险患者,甚至针对特定症状(如攻击行为或淡漠)制定个性化治疗方案。

JNNP:阿尔茨海默病的隐秘轨迹,大脑结构变化竟始于中年?

纵向追踪(即对同一人群多次脑扫描)仍是未来的金标准。

阿尔茨海默病诊断新突破:血浆p-tau217检测的全面评估

这项研究不仅证实了血浆p-tau217作为AD生物标志物的潜力,还为临床选择最佳检测方法提供了重要依据。

2022 欧洲共识:MCI和轻度痴呆初级阶段的诊断和治疗

意大利阿尔兹海默病专家组 · 2022-10-09

适合痴呆症患者的急救护理:老年急救护理应用研究网络范围审查和共识会议的结果

急性期后和长期护理学会(AMDA,The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine) · 2022-08-01

痴呆及阿尔茨海默病进展要点简析

四川大学华西医院 · 2022-07-26