Nature:世纪难题被破解!二甲双胍靶点被林圣彩教授揭密!

2022-02-24 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

二甲双胍在临床上一直被誉为神药,最早从山羊豆中分离并合成,是山羊豆碱(galegine,异戊烯胍)衍生物,自从1957 年上市后,历经 60 多年的发展,至今不仅作为一线降糖药在使用,也是真正的糖尿病

二甲双胍在临床上一直被誉为神药,最早从山羊豆中分离并合成,是山羊豆碱(galegine,异戊烯胍)衍生物,自从1957 年上市后,历经 60 多年的发展,至今不仅作为一线降糖药在使用,也是真正的糖尿病全程治疗药物,从糖尿病预防到到糖尿病前期到糖尿病各个阶段皆可用药。在横向对比中,最佳有效剂量二甲双胍治疗的降糖疗效要强于其他口服降糖药,同时二甲双胍还无禁忌证,是治疗2型糖尿病的首选药物和联合治疗方案中的基础药物。另外,发现越来越多的神奇功效,包括预防肿瘤,预防衰老等,见:“神药”二甲双胍,又发现34个新作用。

但是,它的具体作用靶点一直并不清晰。近年来有研究显示,二甲双胍在线粒体中存在一个作用靶点——线粒体甘油磷酸脱氢酶(mGPD)。二甲双胍通过抑制mGPD的活性,阻断α-磷酸甘油穿梭的过程,使NADH在胞浆内聚积,使以乳酸和甘油为底物的糖异生过程受到抑制。另外,也有认为二甲双胍发挥降糖作用的第一靶点可能在肠道。二甲双胍在肠道内迅速激活肠道AMPK及其下游信号通路,进而通过分布于肠道的迷走神经传入纤维将局部信号传递至中枢,再通过迷走神经传出纤维支配肝脏,最终抑制肝脏的葡萄糖输出,见“神药”二甲双胍通过影响肠道微生物起减肥作用!、Cell Metab:“药界传奇”二甲双胍的克星居然来自肠道微生物!。总之,众说纷芸。

虽然二甲双胍有着如此耀眼的作用,但是也有一些副作用,如果清楚其作用靶点,将来就有可能合成新的替代药物,既保留其作用,又能减轻副作用的新型化合物,这真正是科学的进步的要求。

近日,厦门大学林圣彩教授团队经历7年的科研攻关,用特异性分子探针方法“钓鱼”破解了破解二甲双胍直接作用靶点之谜,林圣彩团队的这项工作称得上是里程碑式的工作,被称为“林通路”,这项研究发表在Nature杂志上。

从2014年起,林圣彩团队就开始研究二甲双胍的机制。早年,很多学者都发现二甲双胍能够激活AMPK蛋白,AMPK是人体自噬信号通路中的关键蛋白。但是,如何激活AMPK并不清楚。同时,二甲双胍对人体内AMPK的天然激活剂AMP并没有明显的影响,因此,二甲双胍可能是通过其它途径影响到AMPK的。

他们团队在2016年于Cell Metabolism上报道了二甲双胍可能通过“溶酶体途径”的通路,激活AMPK的初步结论。

在上述基础上,他们最终找到了二甲双胍的分子靶点——早老素增强子2(Presenilin enhancer2,PEN2),它是γ-分泌酶组分亚基(γ-分泌酶包括PS1, nicastrin,APH1a, PEN2),进一步厘清它导向溶酶体途径,激活AMPK的具体方式。

figure 2

图:PEN2 binds to metformin and is required for low-dose metformin-induced AMPK activation

这一工作的关键在于他们团队合成了二甲双胍的化学探针。

figure 3

Fig. 3: ATP6AP1 tethers PEN2 to v-ATPase for AMPK activation.

在确认了二甲双胍能靶向PEN2以后,如何进一步导致下游信号的改变时,研究者接下来研究了二甲双胍结合如何导致 PEN2 与 v-ATPase 相交并抑制。通过质谱分析了在与溶酶体的蛋白质提取物孵育后免疫沉淀的 PEN2。在 PEN2 猎物中共检测到 1881 种蛋白质,其中 889 种在二甲双胍治疗后发生变化。在这 889 种蛋白质中,123 种是溶酶体驻留蛋白。在这 123 个候选者中,我们对 v-ATPase8 的辅助因子 ATP6AP1(也称为 Ac45)特别感兴趣,因为它与 PEN2 的二甲双胍依赖性相互作用可以通过细胞和体外共免疫沉淀测定来验证。结构域映射实验确定构成 ATP6AP1 跨膜结构域的 420 至 440 位氨基酸残基负责 PEN2 结合。表明ATP6AP1 将 PEN2 连接到 v-ATPase 以激活 AMPK。

进一步通过动物模型研究发现,如果敲除了PEN2或ATP6AP1,二甲双胍不但不能激活AMPK,同时降低脂肪肝、缓解高血糖、延长寿命等诸多效果就都随之消失。

figure 4

这些结果充分说明,二甲双胍确实通过PEN2激活AMPK,并起到各种功效,也就是说,PEN2就是二甲双胍的靶点。

总之,我们发现 PEN2 是二甲双胍的分子靶点,它与葡萄糖传感途径相交以激活 AMPK,从而引发类似于葡萄糖饥饿或卡路里限制所诱导的益处。 PEN2-ATP6AP1 轴为筛选二甲双胍替代品提供了潜在目标,二甲双胍可用于更广泛的组织,例如肌肉,从而在治疗糖尿病和其他代谢疾病方面产生更好的疗效。

梅斯医学认为,这项研究未来可能还会产生很多影响。PS/γ分泌酶负责老年痴呆症相关蛋白β淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP)、信号转导受体Notch和其他Ⅰ型跨膜蛋白的剪切,其组成单位至少有四种:presenilins(PS,包括PS1和PS2)、nicastrin(NCT)、APH-1和PEN-2。二甲双胍靶向PEN-2,可能会对老年性痴呆产生作用。事实上,不少老年性痴呆患者中,PEN-2基因存在突变。另外,此前也有一项大型回顾性研究竟然发现:用神药的代价是阿尔兹海默症风险升高50%?二甲双胍再遭滑铁卢!,如果从PEN-2基因角度解释,似乎可能寻找到合适的答案。

虽然,PEN2在肿瘤,衰老,痴呆,降糖等作用中都被逐步被揭示。但是,PEN-2靶点能否完全解释二甲双胍的作用,还需要进一步研究。毕竟作为小分子药物,其靶点的特异性并不是特别强的。未来可能还需要更多的研究,以解释二甲双胍的不同作用。

原始出处:

Ma, T., Tian, X., Zhang, B. et al. Low-dose metformin targets the lysosomal AMPK pathway through PEN2. Nature (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04431-8

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林圣彩教授在这一领域的主要研究成果

Xu X, Ding G, Liu C, Ding Y, Chen X, Huang X, Zhang CS, Lu S, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Chen Z, Wei W, Liao L, Lin SH, Li J, Liu W, Li J, Lin SC, Ma X, Wong J. Nuclear UHRF1 is a gate-keeper of cellular AMPK activity and function.Cell Res. 2022 Jan;32(1):54-71

Li M, Zhang CS, Feng JW, Wei X, Zhang C, Xie C, Wu Y, Hawley SA, Atrih A, Lamont DJ, Wang Z, Piao HL, Hardie DG, Lin SC.Aldolase is a sensor for both low and high glucose, linking to AMPK and mTORC1.Cell Res. 2021 Apr;31(4):478-481

González A, Hall MN, Lin SC, Hardie DG. AMPK and TOR: The Yin and Yang of Cellular Nutrient Sensing and Growth Control.Cell Metab. 2020 Mar 3;31(3):472-492

Zhang CS, Hardie DG, Lin SC.Glucose Starvation Blocks Translation at Multiple Levels.Cell Metab. 2020 Feb 4;31(2):217-218

Li M, Zhang CS, Zong Y, Feng JW, Ma T, Hu M, Lin Z, Li X, Xie C, Wu Y, Jiang D, Li Y, Zhang C, Tian X, Wang W, Yang Y, Chen J, Cui J, Wu YQ, Chen X, Liu QF, Wu J, Lin SY, Ye Z, Liu Y, Piao HL, Yu L, Zhou Z, Xie XS, Hardie DG, Lin SC.Transient Receptor Potential V Channels Are Essential for Glucose Sensing by Aldolase and AMPK.Cell Metab. 2019 Sep 3;30(3):508-524.e12

Zong Y, Zhang CS, Li M, Wang W, Wang Z, Hawley SA, Ma T, Feng JW, Tian X, Qi Q, Wu YQ, Zhang C, Ye Z, Lin SY, Piao HL, Hardie DG, Lin SC.Hierarchical activation of compartmentalized pools of AMPK depends on severity of nutrient or energy stress.Cell Res. 2019 Jun;29(6):460-473

Zhang CS, Li M, Zong Y, Lin SC.Determining AMPK Activation via the Lysosomal v-ATPase-Ragulator-AXIN/LKB1 Axis.Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1732:393-411

Zhang CS, Hawley SA, Zong Y, Li M, Wang Z, Gray A, Ma T, Cui J, Feng JW, Zhu M, Wu YQ, Li TY, Ye Z, Lin SY, Yin H, Piao HL, Hardie DG, Lin SC.Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and aldolase mediate glucose sensing by AMPK.Nature. 2017 Aug 3;548(7665):112-116

Zhang CS, Li M, Ma T, Zong Y, Cui J, Feng JW, Wu YQ, Lin SY, Lin SC.Metformin Activates AMPK through the Lysosomal Pathway.Cell Metab. 2016 Oct 11;24(4):521-522

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    #Nat#

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2090613, encodeId=f12d209061358, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ce9d239823b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#二甲双胍#</a><a href='/topic/show?id=07a69996557' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#靶点#</a>被<a href='/topic/show?id=68d610485995' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#林圣彩#</a>揭示,<a href='/topic/show?id=abc710486041' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PEN2#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23982, encryptionId=ce9d239823b, topicName=二甲双胍), TopicDto(id=99965, encryptionId=07a69996557, topicName=靶点), TopicDto(id=104859, encryptionId=68d610485995, topicName=林圣彩), TopicDto(id=104860, encryptionId=abc710486041, topicName=PEN2)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 11:47:13 CST 2022, time=2022-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885661, encodeId=9f6c188566100, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Tue Jan 03 04:06:47 CST 2023, time=2023-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1198022, encodeId=e657119802231, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=175, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3db1761596, createdName=ms5833112425946735, createdTime=Mon Feb 28 14:54:16 CST 2022, time=2022-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197151, encodeId=44a5119e151cf, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=26762630048, createdName=578830034, createdTime=Fri Feb 25 10:27:52 CST 2022, time=2022-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196841, encodeId=52f0119684174, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 15:31:46 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196760, encodeId=82cb1196e6083, content=γ-分泌酶在外周也有分布?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=141, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:27:15 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196758, encodeId=3fa51196e584a, content=厉害!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:26:45 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-28 ms5833112425946735

    学习了

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2090613, encodeId=f12d209061358, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ce9d239823b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#二甲双胍#</a><a href='/topic/show?id=07a69996557' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#靶点#</a>被<a href='/topic/show?id=68d610485995' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#林圣彩#</a>揭示,<a href='/topic/show?id=abc710486041' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PEN2#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23982, encryptionId=ce9d239823b, topicName=二甲双胍), TopicDto(id=99965, encryptionId=07a69996557, topicName=靶点), TopicDto(id=104859, encryptionId=68d610485995, topicName=林圣彩), TopicDto(id=104860, encryptionId=abc710486041, topicName=PEN2)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 11:47:13 CST 2022, time=2022-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885661, encodeId=9f6c188566100, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Tue Jan 03 04:06:47 CST 2023, time=2023-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1198022, encodeId=e657119802231, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=175, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3db1761596, createdName=ms5833112425946735, createdTime=Mon Feb 28 14:54:16 CST 2022, time=2022-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197151, encodeId=44a5119e151cf, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=26762630048, createdName=578830034, createdTime=Fri Feb 25 10:27:52 CST 2022, time=2022-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196841, encodeId=52f0119684174, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 15:31:46 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196760, encodeId=82cb1196e6083, content=γ-分泌酶在外周也有分布?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=141, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:27:15 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196758, encodeId=3fa51196e584a, content=厉害!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:26:45 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-25 578830034

    学习了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2090613, encodeId=f12d209061358, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ce9d239823b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#二甲双胍#</a><a href='/topic/show?id=07a69996557' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#靶点#</a>被<a href='/topic/show?id=68d610485995' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#林圣彩#</a>揭示,<a href='/topic/show?id=abc710486041' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PEN2#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23982, encryptionId=ce9d239823b, topicName=二甲双胍), TopicDto(id=99965, encryptionId=07a69996557, topicName=靶点), TopicDto(id=104859, encryptionId=68d610485995, topicName=林圣彩), TopicDto(id=104860, encryptionId=abc710486041, topicName=PEN2)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 11:47:13 CST 2022, time=2022-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885661, encodeId=9f6c188566100, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Tue Jan 03 04:06:47 CST 2023, time=2023-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1198022, encodeId=e657119802231, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=175, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3db1761596, createdName=ms5833112425946735, createdTime=Mon Feb 28 14:54:16 CST 2022, time=2022-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197151, encodeId=44a5119e151cf, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=26762630048, createdName=578830034, createdTime=Fri Feb 25 10:27:52 CST 2022, time=2022-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196841, encodeId=52f0119684174, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 15:31:46 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196760, encodeId=82cb1196e6083, content=γ-分泌酶在外周也有分布?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=141, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:27:15 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196758, encodeId=3fa51196e584a, content=厉害!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:26:45 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-24 zy&kt

    学习了

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2090613, encodeId=f12d209061358, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ce9d239823b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#二甲双胍#</a><a href='/topic/show?id=07a69996557' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#靶点#</a>被<a href='/topic/show?id=68d610485995' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#林圣彩#</a>揭示,<a href='/topic/show?id=abc710486041' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PEN2#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23982, encryptionId=ce9d239823b, topicName=二甲双胍), TopicDto(id=99965, encryptionId=07a69996557, topicName=靶点), TopicDto(id=104859, encryptionId=68d610485995, topicName=林圣彩), TopicDto(id=104860, encryptionId=abc710486041, topicName=PEN2)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 11:47:13 CST 2022, time=2022-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885661, encodeId=9f6c188566100, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Tue Jan 03 04:06:47 CST 2023, time=2023-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1198022, encodeId=e657119802231, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=175, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3db1761596, createdName=ms5833112425946735, createdTime=Mon Feb 28 14:54:16 CST 2022, time=2022-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197151, encodeId=44a5119e151cf, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=26762630048, createdName=578830034, createdTime=Fri Feb 25 10:27:52 CST 2022, time=2022-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196841, encodeId=52f0119684174, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 15:31:46 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196760, encodeId=82cb1196e6083, content=γ-分泌酶在外周也有分布?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=141, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:27:15 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196758, encodeId=3fa51196e584a, content=厉害!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:26:45 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-24 医者仁者

    γ-分泌酶在外周也有分布?

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2090613, encodeId=f12d209061358, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ce9d239823b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#二甲双胍#</a><a href='/topic/show?id=07a69996557' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#靶点#</a>被<a href='/topic/show?id=68d610485995' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#林圣彩#</a>揭示,<a href='/topic/show?id=abc710486041' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PEN2#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23982, encryptionId=ce9d239823b, topicName=二甲双胍), TopicDto(id=99965, encryptionId=07a69996557, topicName=靶点), TopicDto(id=104859, encryptionId=68d610485995, topicName=林圣彩), TopicDto(id=104860, encryptionId=abc710486041, topicName=PEN2)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 11:47:13 CST 2022, time=2022-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885661, encodeId=9f6c188566100, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Tue Jan 03 04:06:47 CST 2023, time=2023-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1198022, encodeId=e657119802231, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=175, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d3db1761596, createdName=ms5833112425946735, createdTime=Mon Feb 28 14:54:16 CST 2022, time=2022-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1197151, encodeId=44a5119e151cf, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=26762630048, createdName=578830034, createdTime=Fri Feb 25 10:27:52 CST 2022, time=2022-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196841, encodeId=52f0119684174, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 15:31:46 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196760, encodeId=82cb1196e6083, content=γ-分泌酶在外周也有分布?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=141, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:27:15 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1196758, encodeId=3fa51196e584a, content=厉害!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Feb 24 11:26:45 CST 2022, time=2022-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-24 医者仁者

    厉害!

    0

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Diabetes Care:超20年研究探索二甲双胍和生活方式干预对糖尿病患者死亡率的影响,结果大跌眼镜!

虽然二甲双胍和改变生活方式可以预防糖尿病,但这两种策略都不能降低全因、癌症或心血管死亡率。

Diabetes Care:二甲双胍、维生素B12和糖尿病患者全因死亡率,这三者到底是什么关系?

在过去几十年里,全世界糖尿病的流行率翻了两番,其中2型糖尿病占90%。尽管心血管疾病仍然是2型糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因,但仍然有很大一部分疾病负担不能用传统的心血管危险因素来解释。

BMJ子刊:妊娠期服用二甲双胍与子代长期不良预后的风险

妊娠期接触二甲双胍(单独或联合使用胰岛素)并没有增加子代长期不良预后的风险。

拓展阅读

二甲双胍效果“挑人”?延缓糖尿病发病,重磅研究长达21年随访数据出炉

国际糖尿病联合会数据显示糖尿病防控关键,DPP 及 DPPOS 研究 21 年随访表明,强化生活方式干预和二甲双胍可持久降低糖尿病发病风险,前者对高危人群更有效,后者在年轻人中效果更佳。

Am J Obstet Gynecol:多囊卵巢综合征女性孕前及孕早期持续使用二甲双胍可有效降低流产风险并提升妊娠率

PCOS女性孕前启动metformin并持续至孕早期可显著降低流产风险、提高临床妊娠率,效果优于当前指南推荐的“妊娠后停药”方案。

JAMA Netw Open:父亲孕前使用二甲双胍未增加子代畸形风险

父亲孕前使用二甲双胍与子代MCM的明确关联,丹麦研究的初始信号可能由家族性心代谢疾病等混杂因素驱动。

Nat Aging:刘光慧/柴人杰等揭示二甲双胍有望助力老年性耳聋的防治!

该研究利用单细胞分析确定毛细胞SLC35F1缺乏是灵长类耳蜗衰老的标志。

延寿20岁,二甲双胍太“神”了!最新研究:二甲双胍不仅能将活到90岁的几率提升30%,还能全身性抗衰,让大脑年轻6岁左右

二甲双胍正是通过“唤醒”Nrf2通路,让神经元远离氧化伤害、延缓老化,从而实现了对大脑和整体机体的抗衰保护。

二甲双胍能抗癌?不愧是“神药”!Cell子刊:抗癌作用与剂量有关,联合Src抑制剂或为三阴性乳腺癌破局之道

Cell子刊研究发现,二甲双胍对三阴性乳腺癌具剂量依赖性双重作用:低剂量激活AMPK-FAO-Src促肿瘤,高剂量抑制线粒体功能抗肿瘤。其与达沙替尼联合可协同抑制肿瘤,为TNBC治疗提供新策略。

二甲双胍成「长寿药」新证据?真实数据:女性活到 90 岁几率更高!

2025 年研究对 16 万绝经后女性跟踪发现,60 岁以上新诊断 2 型糖尿病女性中,二甲双胍组 90 岁前死亡风险较磺酰脲类组低 30%,其抗衰机制或与调控衰老通路相关。

二甲双胍+氯米芬对PCOS不孕患者胰岛素及排卵功能的影响!

在PCOS合并不孕症临床治疗中应用二甲双胍联合枸橼酸氯米芬可取得理想疗效,帮助调节患者糖脂代谢及性激素水平,增强卵巢排卵功能及子宫受孕功能,进而提高妊娠率,疗法安全性良好。

BMC Med.:中国学者阐明经二甲双胍治疗后肠道微生物群衍生的谷胱甘肽可缓解缺血/再灌注诱导的肠道铁死亡

本研究支持二甲双胍通过调节肠道菌群来减轻IIRI诱导的肠道铁死亡。二甲双胍调节肠道菌群组成,特别是通过增加鼠乳杆菌的数量,从而促进谷胱甘肽合成。

二甲双胍再“立功”!JAMA:显著减轻疼痛,改善膝关节功能

膝骨关节炎是中国中老年致残主因,肥胖超重为重要风险因素。JAMA 研究显示,肥胖或超重膝骨关节炎患者使用二甲双胍治疗 6 个月,疼痛缓解、膝关节功能改善,安全性良好,需大样本研究进一步验证。

喻翠云/魏华教授团队《ACS Nano》:基于二甲双胍的多功能纳米平台作为DNA损伤放大器,用于最大化放射免疫治疗以克服放疗耐受

湖南中医药研究院和南华大学团队构建基于二甲双胍的纳米复合物 CSMT,可放大 DNA 损伤信号,增强放疗诱导的抗肿瘤免疫,抑制肿瘤生长,为克服放疗抵抗提供新方案。

Eur Urol Oncol:二甲双胍对非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者长期生存结局的影响

在接受BCG治疗的NMIBC患者中,以二甲双胍为基础的降糖治疗是RFS的独立风险因素。而使用非二甲双胍的降糖药物治疗与长期生存结局无关。

BMJ Open:妊娠期二甲双胍暴露对子代肥胖指标的影响大吗?

妊娠期二甲双胍暴露对子代长期肥胖指标无显著不良影响,进一步支持其在妊娠期的安全性。

Diabetes Obes Metab:二甲双胍能否预防2型糖尿病患者的痴呆?

二甲双胍可能与2型糖尿病患者较低的痴呆发病率相关。然而,考虑到高异质性,谨慎解释这些结果是至关重要的。